School Choice †An Educational Custom Fit Essay Example for Free

School Choice An Educational Custom Fit EssayImagine if only ace size of pants were sold in stores and government regulations wouldnt entirelyow any other size to be made available to consumers. This may sound crazy but its more than like whats happening with the education of our nations children. As Americans we enjoy a wide range of personal choice, and thankfully it includes our ability to pack the pants that fit us best. But think for a moment about traditional earth education.For decades the public school system has offered a one size fits all approach to educating our nations children. As we approached the 21st century, the public school system began to show its age. More and more children began to fall piece of ass in a rapidly changing environment marked by the introduction of personal computers and later the internet. Sensing a need for change, many race began to push for new educational models that would keep up with the times.This marked the beginning of the s chool choice movement. Both charter schools and school voucher programs are collectively referred to as school choice initiatives, in that they allow parents freedom to choose individualized education options for their children that are outside of the traditional one size fits all public school system.A school voucher program provides parents with certificates that are used to pay for education at a school of their choice, rather than the public school to which they are assigned. Charter schools on the other hand are publicly funded schools that have been freed from inefficient public school system rules and regulations in put back for accountability to produce positive, measurable results. These agreed to results are set forth in each schools.

Bullying Is a Legal Crime Essay Example for Free

Bullying Is a Legal Crime EssayOn September 18, 2011 a 14-year-old Jamey Redeemer in like mannerk his life after years of intimidation. The news blossom forth in a blink of an eye. The whole country mourned. Jamey cried for service for months. He regularly posted online about being bullied at school and how people would frame insults at him. Soon, students started to bully Jamey online. They posted horrible things like I wouldnt care if you died. No superstar would. So just do it It would make everyone WAY more(prenominal) happier Jamey left several messages on his blog letting everyone know that he was in trouble and needed help. But still no one listened. On Saturday night he posted a lyric from Lady Gagas song on his Facebook page which said Dont forget me when I stimulate crying to heavens door. In a few hours he wrote that he was witnessing forward to take ining his great grandmother, who recently died. It was Jameys final message. ( felo-de-se Police Consider Cr iminal Bullying Charges)As identified by the the United States Department of Justice, bullying has two key components repeated harmful acts and an unbalance of power. It involves repeated physical, verbal or psychological attacks or intimidation directed against a victim who cannot properly defend him- or herself because of size or strength, or because the victim is outnumbered or less psychologi retrievey resilient.(Problem-Oriented Guides for Police Series) In other words, children are verb whollyy and physically assaulted by their peers every day. At school, bullies rip their victims self-confidence to shreds while theirs gets high. It has become a huge problem in the U.S. Nearly 160 000 students stay home and miss school everyday due to the apprehension of being bullied. 20% of all children say they have been bullied and 20% of high school students say they have seriously considered suicide with the last 12 months. By age 24, 60% of bullies have a criminal record. (National C enter for Education Statistics (NCES) Home Page, a Part of the U.S. Department of Education)As a matter of fact, bullying can occur close to anywhere. At home. At work. At school or purge on the street. It becomes a very widespread, undetectable terror. Statistics go that that one out of 4 boys or girls will be bullied sometime throughout their childhood. (The United States Department of Justice) The media started to pay more anxiety to the problem of bullying recently. While it is seemingly impossible to defeat, it can be overturned. This is possible if parents get involved, students are taught how to direct and stop bullying, and if individuals stand up for and sustentation the victims and bullies. These solutions overtime will definitely bring bullying to its demise.One of the widespread questions is who truly a bully is, why does he or she behave in such a way or another. For the most part, bullies are the kids who feel insecure about their beliefs and appearance or who a re the victims of bullying. In that case, bullying becomes a psychogenic defense for the victims. A number of researchers believe that bullying occurs due to a combination of social interactions with parents, peers and teachers. The history of the parent-child relationship may contribute to cultivating a bully, and low levels of peer and teacher intervention combine to create opportunities for chronic bullies to thrive (as will be discussed later). (Problem-Oriented Guides for Police Series) A child that comes from a poor, ignominious and usually one-parent family will probably end up a bully. Being picked on at school or simply rejected by the peers, kids lambast smaller ones just to feel better about themselves and release negative energy.Tracy Vaillancourt, Canada Research Chair in childrens mental health and violence legal profession at the University of Ottawa claims that there are two types of bullies. The first type is the habitual bullies. They tend to be really impulsiv e and have poor steamy regulation. And that represents about 10 per cent of kids who bully others. (Inter hear Whos a Bully?) Basically, Tracy Vaillancourt is saying that this type of a bully is the most rare one, but at the akin time it is the most severe and brutal. It more or less becomes a disease that requires an immediate medical intervention.The point is that this type of a bully is the easiest to identify it is usually impulsive kids who get into trouble in school for bad behavior. The second type of a bully is everyday kids. According to Tracy Vaillancourt, they tend to be really popular because they have power, they can abuse power. It is the hardest type of a bully to identify. Therefore, it is the most dangerous one. Parents usually get blindsided when their kid might be bullying someone. They take their childs side, and it is completely natural. Parents want to protect their son or daughter no matter what. Unfortunately, they dont spend a penny that they do more harm than good and that the consequence of such parenting behavior can be catastrophic.In terms of childhood abuse and bullying, it is possible that intrusive, flashback memories of these traumatic events occur in adolescence and adulthood. (Society and Psychosis) In other words, the authors of the Society and Psychosis believe that a victim of bullying will suffer psychological harm for almost the rest of his or her life. Moreover, a bullied child is more likely to develop a criminal record or get psychiatric disorder and mental illness than his or her peers. (Problem-Oriented Guides for Police Series) At this point, suicidal behavior becomes a real threat. And numerous teenage suicides and suicidal attempts are an alert and a call to action to all of us.As bullying becomes a serious problem, people try to come up with different ways of solving it. Different programs, real to stop or at least reduce bulling, almost every time pay much attention to the parents and teachers. On the one hand, I condition that authorities including but not limited to parents, teachers and professor are capable of maintaining a positive surrounding for the kids creating a safe, free from bullying environment. But on the other hand, I still insist that those authorities are not the key to solving this problem. Bullying has been identified as a potential threat for a long time.This issue has been discussed many time at the different forums and summits, and all kinds of programs were introduced to stop it. But, apparently, its not working. Most of the teachers dont even care about their students lives, since its not their business. Thats the way things are in my home country Russia. Teachers go to the classes, give lectures and go back home. They view their job as a way to educate students on a particular field of study. When, in fact, teachers are mentors for children or at least thats what the have to be. They should make up ones mind an example of a loving, accepting, tolerant huma n being who is willing to help and support a person in need whether its a student, colleague or a friend.The most important thing is that the first step in stopping bullying has to be made by us, the ones who are often easily affected by it. any each one of us can contribute to solving this problem and making the piece a better place. First of all, we have to change the climate of the school environment and stop purgeting the power in the hands of the teachers, or the government. I dont believe they have the answers. I believe we do. It is out lives after all.The truth is that theres no law that can be passed on the federal level to stop or prevent bullying. The public school system in the U.S. is operated by state laws that are hard to pass. (Bullying taproom State Laws) Rather than dealing with the legal system, we should come to an understanding that we have the power to make a shift in how people view bullying and react to it. It is not an over night thing. It has to become a cultural change, a movement of tolerance, love and acceptance.Another thing is that people pay too much attention to cyber bullying and consider it as the major dangerous form of bullying. But, truthfully, its really not. Its the most visible because you can see all the hate mails and comments online. The worst bullying experience is face to face, on the street, in the school, at home.There has to be a support system in our communities. We need to change the way kids think about themselves. There has to be a supprt system around every human being that can help anyone build confidence in themselves and others. The work has to be done from the ground up. Creating a climate and an environment in schools where everyone feels safe has to become a precession today for parents, school administration, teachers and students themselves. By doing little acts of kindness, we will create a loving and accepting environment.Just come to a friend or a person you dont know. Say a compliment or ho w good the weather is today, or simply you look great. These are the things that are pass to chnge the culture and make a huge shift in how people communicate and react to bullying in a particular environment. Just set an example. Because teenager are very impressionable. And if you set an example, the rest will follow. Find a friend. Tell somebody in your life, someone important or perhaps someone you dont know about love, tolerance and acceptance. It is not gonna be just the experts that are going to change things. It is going to be all of us.As we all know, life is an energy. And we are responsible for the energy we bring into this space. Every action has an opposite and equal reaction. If you insult someone, the negative energy you put onto them will come back to you. By brining negative energy onto those people, you are making them bring negative energy onto others.Firstly, empowering youth is one of the keys to stopping bullying. all(a) of us have to set an example of brave and tolerant human beings. It has to become cool to be the person that says that somethings not quite duty here, that help is needed here. For whatever reason, students tend to ignore the acts of bulling or teasing in school. They go to classes, do their homework, hand in the paper, go home Students account the violence, happening in schools, but the do not speak about it. There needs to be attention that is payed to looking for signs of violence and bullying. When students start to look up for each other, then the major shift is made.Secondly, using a multifaceted, comprehensive approach will definitely decrease the percentage of bullied kids. This approach includes establishing a school-wide policy that addresses indirect bullying, providing guidelines for teachers and, most importantly, students on specific actions to take if bullying occurs, encouraging students to report known bullying, to be supportive to classmates who may be bullied and educating and involving parents so t hey understand the problem and the importance of it.I believe that each of us comes with a gift to use our lives, to bring goodness to the world, to connect with other people. Every single person, whether its victim of violence or the person who committed the violence,has one thing in common we all want to know that what we do and what we say and who we are matters. We want to be validated. Every single person. Every argument is really about do you see me, do you hear me, does what I say mean anything to you? Come up to a girl who always seats alone at the canteen, talk to her. Maybe you will be the one wholl make her day. Be loving, accepting and tolerant. Only this way well create a kind, free from violence and bullying environment.

Sports and gamesan essential part Of Essay Example for Free

Sports and gamesan essential part Of EssaySports is something that attracts every person in this world towards itself. Sports has become a very putting green field that everybody has interested in. People argon gaining more and more interest in different sports from all over the world. And that is why sports engineering is gaining signifi backsidece and recognition. It is a special field of engineering, which involves everything from the development to the test of the different sports equipment. The discipline includes numerous activities and everything related to sports and sports equipment. The sports engineers have several responsibilities that are discussed here at length. The very low gear responsibility of a sports engineer is the designing of the sports equipment. With the development of different sports and an increase in their popularity, people are eager to make use of the best of the sports equipment. And this is where the sports engineers can contribute by developi ng new equipment that would help the athletes perform better. Sports engineers are also responsible for carrying out a complete lab and experimental testing of the sports equipment, athletes and the interaction between them.This is one of the most important parts of the job of a sports engineer because it is not possible to make use of anything without testing the equipment and the reputation of interactions the users would have with the equipment. The sports engineers not only carry out laboratory testing but are also required to test the performance of the athletes and different devices in the field, i. e. the environment of the sports. Field testing contends to be completely accurate so that there is no scope of mistakes and the athletes are prepared to use their equipment in the real conditions and situations.Computational modeling has been used only for scientific purposes till now. Computational modeling approach is usually employed in physics and new(prenominal) scientific applications, whether it is fluid dynamics or any other experiment. Sports engineers are also making use of this technique and approach for determining the forces acting upon the work of the equipment and for stimulating its working before actually developing them. Sports engineers also need to continuously work with the different government bodies and the authorities for making sure that the rules are adhered to and everything is carried out within the pre-defined guidelines.Sports engineers also have to work with the athletes to regularly keep a track and improve the performance of the different athletes in different fields. They need to find out new ways and measures for enhancing the performance of the sportsmen. Thus, we see that sports engineers are extremely important people and they need to carry out all of their responsibilities in truth for the development of different sports and for the betterment of the athletes.Reference link http//classof1. com/homework-help/enginee ring-homework-help.

The Respective Theories Of Motivation Psychology Essay

The Respective Theories Of pauperization Psychology EssayThe term motivation derived from the Latin word movere, meaning to move. Motivation represents those psychological processes that grammatical case the arousal, direction, and persistence of voluntary actions that be goal oriented (Mitchell, 1982). Motivation as define by Robbins (1993) is the collapseingness to exert high take aims of move toward organisational goals, conditi unmatchedd by the efforts ability to satisfy some individual affect. A need in this context is an internal state that makes trusted outcomes appears attractive. An unsatisfied need creates tension that stimulates drives deep down the individual. These drives then generate a search behavior to find particular goals that, if attained, ordain satisfy the need and lead to the reduction of tension (Robbins, 1993).Luthans (1998) sees it as the process that arouses, energizes, directs, and sustains behavior and motion, while Pinder (1998) defines workplace motivation as the set of internal and external forces that initiate work- think behavior, and determine its form, direction, intensity and duration.According to Nelson and restless (2003), motivation is the process of arousing and sustaining goal-directed behavior. The nearly practical definition proposed by social scientist that, motivation is a psychological processes thatorigin the stimulation, direction, and persistence of behaviour (Luthans, 2005).2.3 Employees Motivation Theories there ar many theories of motivation. The exploreer identified the roughly relevant theories and explained the respective theories of motivation and how motivation gives an valu subject uphold on put-on gladness.2.3.1 Maslows contend pecking order TheoryMaslows Hierarchy of ineluctably is one of the motivation theories that used all over the world. Maslow supposition is a basic to start examining the different motivation theories. The runner idea of Maslow is concourse always t end to want something and what they want depends on what they already have. According to Mullins (2007) states that Maslow proposed that there are five different levels of needs people have to seek for satis pointion of their basic needs.The graduation level of this theory is Physiological Needs. These needs include the most basic of all human needs like water, shelter, food, warmth, rest and clothing. When people dont palpate hunger, thirst or cold, their needs go to a next level. The second lowest level is Safety Needs. Need to feel secure and protected in his/her family as well as in a society of day-to-day life is a part in this level. Next, the third level is Belonging and Love Need. After feeling secure, people need for love, affection, sense of belongingness in ones relationship with other mortals. The fourth level is mean Needs. It is the need to be unique with self-respect and to enjoy esteem from other individuals. People want to evaluate themselves highly and based on their motion soak up appreciation from other people. Lack of these needs whitethorn cause inferiority, helplessness and weakness. Highest level of Maslows hierarchy of needs is Self-Actualization. The development of this need is based on the triumph at the other four lower levels. It refers to the need of self-fulfillment and to the tendency to become actualized in what a person is potential. The core of this theory lies in the fact that when one need is fulfilled, its strength diminishes and the strength of the next level increases (Latham, 2007). suppose 2.3.1 Maslows Hierarchy of Needsmaslows-hierarchy-of-needs12.3.2 Equity TheoryEquity theory recognizes that individuals are implicated not only with the absolute amount of rewards they receive for their efforts, only when as well as with the relationship of this amount to what others receive. Based on ones in cast offs, such as effort, experience, education, and competence, one loafer compare outcomes such as salary levels , increases, actualization and other factors. When people comprehend an imbalance in their outcome-input ratio relative to others, tension is created. This tension provides the primer for motivation, as people strive for what they perceive as equity and fairness (Robbins, 1993). One of the prominent theories with respect to equity theory was developed with the work of J.S. Adams. Adams theory is perhaps the most rigorously developed statement of how individuals evaluate social exchange relationships (Steers, 1983). The major components of exchange relationships in this theory are inputs and outcomes. In a daub where a person exchanges her or his ser wickednesss for pay, inputs may include previous work experience, education, effort on the business, and training. Outcomes are those factors that result from the exchange. The most important outcome is likely to be pay with outcomes such as supervisory treatment, rent out assignments, fringe benefits, and status symbols taken in to consideration also.Equity theory rests upon tether main assumptions (Carrell, 1978). First, the theory holds that people develop beliefs about what constitutes a fair and equitable return for their contributions to their jobs. Second, the theory assumes that people tend to compare what they perceive to be the exchange they have with their employers. The other assumption is that when people get wind that their own treatment is not equitable, relative to the exchange they perceive others to be making, they will be motivated to take actions they deem appropriate. This concept of equity is most practically interpreted in work organizations as a positive railroad tie between an employees effort or exertion on the job and the pay she or he receives. Adams (1965) suggested that individual expectations about equity or fair correlational statistics between inputs and outputs are learned during the process of socialization and through the comparison with inputs and outcomes of other s. Pinder (1984) stated that feelings of inequitable treatment tend to occur when people believe they are not receiving fair returns for their efforts and other contributions. The challenge therefore for organizations is to develop reward systems that are perceived to be fair and equitable and distributing the reward in concord with employee beliefs about their own value to the organization.The consequences of employees perceiving they are not being toughened fairly create a variety of options for the employees (Champagne, 1989). These options include the employees reducing their input through directly restricting their work output, attempting to increase their output by seeking salary increases or seeking a more than enjoyable assignment. Other possibilities are to decrease the outcomes of a comparison other until the ratio of that persons outcomes to inputs is relatively equal or increasing the others inputs. In addition to the above mentioned, the employee could simply withdra w from the situation entirely, that is, quit the job and seek employment elsewhere.2.3.3 Expectancy theoryThe concept of expectancy was originally formulated by Vroom and it stands for the probability that action or effort will lead to an outcome. The concept of expectancy was defined in more detail by Vroom as follows Where an individual chooses between alternatives which shoot uncertain outcomes, it seems clear that his behavior is affected not only by his preferences among these outcomes but also by the degree to which he believes these outcomes to be possible. Expectancy is defined as momentary belief concerning the likelihood that a particular act will be followed by a particular outcome. Expectancies may be set forth in terms of their strength.Maximal strength is indicated by unverifiable certainty that the act will be followed byoutcome, while minimal strength is indicated by the subjective certainty that the actwill not be followed by the outcome (Vroom, 1964).Fundamenta l to all the popular theories of motivation is the notion that employees are motivated to perform better when offered something they want, something they believe will be satisfying. However, offering the employees something they believe will be satisfying is necessary, but not enough. They must believe that it is possible to achieve what they want. Employees are not motivated to perform better when managers focus on the offering and ignore the believing. Employees confidence that they will get what they want involves three separate and distinct beliefs.The first belief is that they feces perform well enough to get what is offered. The second is thatthey will get it if they perform well. The third belief is that what is offered will be satisfying. to each one of these three beliefs deals with what employees think will happen if they put effort to perform. The first belief deals with the relationship between effort and performance, the second with the relationship between performanc e and outcomes, and the third with the relationship between outcomes and delight. All these beliefs are interrelated because an employee effort leads to some level of performance, the performance leads to outcomes, and the outcomes lead to some amount of satisfaction or dissatisfaction. In conclusion, the expectancy theory of motivation requires the fulfillment of the following conditions employees are motivated to perform only when they believe that effort will lead to performance, performance will lead to outcomes, and the outcomes will lead to satisfaction (Green, 1992).Effort-to-performance expectancy is the starting point in the implementation of the expectancy theory. It is a persons perception of the probability that effort will lead to achieverful performance. If we believe our effort will lead to higher performance, this expectancy is very strong, then we are certain that the outcome will occur. If we believe our performance will be the same no matter how much effort we m ake, our expectancy is very low, meaning that there is no probability that the outcome will occur. A person who thinks there is a moderate relationship between effort and subsequent performance has an adequate expectancy, and thus put maximum effort in the performance. The next stage in the expectancy theory is performance-to-outcome expectancy, which is a persons perception of the probability that performance will lead to certain other outcomes. If a person thinks a high performer is certain to get a pay raise, this expectancy is high. On the other hand, a person who believes raises are entirely independent of the performance has a low expectancy. Thus, if a person thinks performance has some bearing on the prospects for a pay raise, his or herexpectancy is adequate. In a work setting, several performance-to-outcome expectancies are relevant because several outcomes competency logically result from performance. Each outcome, then, has its own expectancy. The final stage in the exp ectancy linkage is named outcomes and valences. An outcome is anything that might potentially result from performance. High level performance conceivably might produce such outcomes as a pay raise, a promotion, recognition from the boss, fatigue, stress, or less time to rest, among others. The valence of an outcome is the relative attractiveness or unattractiveness of that outcome to the person. Pay raises, promotion, and recognition might all have positive valences, whereas fatigue, stress, and less time to rest might all have negative valences. The stress of outcome valences varies from person to person. Work-related stress may be a significant negative factor for one person but only a slight annoyance for someone desperately in need of money, a slight positive valence for someone interested mostly in getting promotion or, for someone in an unfavorable tax revenue position, even a negative valence.The basic expectancy framework suggests that three conditions must be met before mo tivated behavior occurs (Griffin, 2007). Behavioral scientists generally pair that the expectancy theory of motivation represents the most comprehensive, valid and useful approach to understanding motivation. However, it does not end with only understanding, it is also important to be able to motivate people to perform. In this regard, the Expectancy theory generally has been considered quite difficult to apply. This is no longer true, as there are many finishing models that have been developed over the years and which are quite simple and straightforward (Green, 1992).2.3.4 Herzberg Motivation/Hygiene theoryHerzbergs motivation/hygiene theory is also known as the ii-factor theory. Herzberg started the study job satisfaction in the 1950s in Pittsburg. The basis of Herzbergs work is in the Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. He started with the idea that what causes the job satisfaction are the opposite of those things that cause job dissatisfaction. However, after studying thousands of b ooks he couldnt draw any guidelines. He conducted a survey where he asked participants to recognise those things that made them feel positive with their job and those that made them feel negative.As a result Herzberg found out that what makes people happy is what they do or the way theyre utilized and what makes people unhappy is the way theyre treated. Things that make people satisfied at work are different from those that cause dissatisfaction so those two feelings cant be opposite. Based on these findings, Herzberg created his theory of motivators and hygiene factors. Both factors can motivate workers but they work for different reasons. Hygiene factors tend to cause only short-term satisfaction to the workers while motivators most probably cause longer-term job satisfaction.Motivatorsor satisfiers are those factors that cause feelings of satisfaction at work. These factors motivate by changing the nature of the work. They challenge a person to develop their talents and fulfill their potential. For example adding responsibility to work and providing eruditeness opportunities to a person to work at a higher level can lead to a positive performance growth in every task a person is expected to do if the possible poor results are related to boredom of the task they are supposed to accomplish. Motivators are those that come from intrinsic feelings.In addition to responsibility and learning opportunities also recognition, achievement, forwarding and growth are motivation factors.These factors dont dissatisfy if they are not present but by giving value to these, satisfaction level of the employees is most probably going to grow (Bogardus, 2007). When hygiene factors are maintained, dissatisfaction can be avoided. When opposite, dissatisfaction is most probably to occur and motivation cant take place.2.4 Employees blood SatisfactionMany definitions of the concept of job satisfaction have been formulated over time. According to Locke (1969), job satisfaction is a state of emotional gladness, results from the achievement of the goals that one get through performing his part of contribution inside an organization.Employee job satisfaction is influenced by the internal organization environment, which includes organisational climate, leadership types and violence relationships (Taber and Seashore, 1975).Locke and Lathan (1990) give a comprehensive definition of job satisfaction as pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of ones job or job experience. Job satisfaction is a result of employees perception of how well their job provides those things that are viewed as important.Work satisfaction results from the perception that ones job fulfills, or allows the fulfillment of ones important job values. Phrased differently, work is gratifying if it complements ones personal desires and needs.Definition by McCormick and Ilgen (1980) looks similar. They also regarded job satisfaction as a persons attitude towards his or her job, and added that an attitude is an emotional response to the job, which may vary along a continuum from positive to negative.In addition, Megginson, Mosley and Pietri (1982) stated that people experience job satisfaction when they feel good about their jobs, and that this feeling often relates to their doing their jobs well, or their becoming more proficient in their occupations, or their being recognized for good performance.According to firedog (1982) states that job satisfaction is an attitude towards work-related conditions, facets, or aspects of the job.Arnold and Feldman (1986) described job satisfaction as the amount of overall affect that individuals have toward their job. High job satisfaction therefore means that an individual likes his or her work in general, appreciates it and feels positive about in.According to Mitchell and Lasan (1987), it is generally recognized in the organizational behaviour theme that job satisfaction is the most important and frequentl y studied attitude.Job satisfaction is so important in that its absence often leads to lethargy and reduced organizational commitment (Moser, 1997). Lack of job satisfaction is a predictor of quitting a job (Alexander, Litchtenstein and Hellmann, 1997 Jamal, 1997). Sometimes workers may quit from public to the private sector and vice versa. At the othertimes the movement is from one profession to another that is considered a greener pasture.Job satisfaction has been defined as an attitude that individual has about their job, it results from their perception of their job and the degree to which there is good fit between the individual and the organization (Ivancevich et al., 1997). Job satisfaction is an important motivator to employees performance.While Luthan (1998) posited that there are three important dimensions to job satisfactionJob satisfaction is an emotional response to a job situation. It can only be inferred.Job satisfaction is often determined by how well outcome meet o r exceed expectations. For instance, if organization participants feel that they are working much harder than others in the department but are receiving fewer rewards they will probably have a negative attitudes towards the work, the boss and or coworkers. On the other hand, if they feel they are being treated very well and are being paid equitably, they are likely to have positive attitudes towards the job.Job satisfaction represents several related attitudes which are most important characteristics of a job about which people have effective response. These to Luthans are the work itself, pay, promotion opportunities, supervision and coworkers.Schneider and Snyder (1975) regard job satisfaction as a personal evaluation of conditions present in the job, or outcomes that arise as a result of having a job. It appears then that job satisfaction encapsulates a persons perception and evaluation of his job, and that this perception is influenced by the persons unique disposition. People w ill therefore evaluate their jobs against those aspects that are important to them (Sempane et al., 2002).Since job satisfaction involves employees emotions and feelings, it has a major impact on their personal, social and work lives (Sempane et al., 2002) and for this reason may also influence their behaviour as employees, e.g. absenteeism (Locke, 1976 Visser, Breed and Van Breda, 1997).According to Feinstein (2000) states thatjob satisfaction is more of a response to a specific job or various aspects of the job. Job satisfaction is an important element from organizational perspective, as it leads to higher organizational commitment of employees and high commitment leads to overall organizational success and development (Feinstein, 2000) additionally growth, effectiveness and efficiency of the organization and low employees intentions to leave the organization (Mosadeghard, 2008). Obstinately, dissatisfy individuals leave the organization and inflate the motivation of those stayin g there (Feinstein, 2000) and as a result workers loose performance and efficiency and might sabotage the work and leave the job (Sonmezer andEryaman, 2008).According to Ramayah, Jantan and Tadisina (2001), job satisfaction explains how employees are buoyant to come to work and how they get enforced to perform their jobs. Other researchers narrate job satisfaction as being the outcome of the workers appraisal of extent to which the work environment fulfillment the individuals needs (Dawis and Lofquist 1984).Various researchers have contributed their research findings from organizational set ups, in order to increase employee job satisfaction and have given various suggestions to boost up the satisfaction. Feinstein (2000) says in order to increase individuals satisfaction level employees should be given advancement opportunities. Similarly changes in organizational variables, such as pay scales, employee input in policy development, and work environment could then be made in an effo rt to increase organizational commitment and overall outcome. Elton Mayo found that interaction within the group is the biggest satisfier. Safety, relation to work and success are followed by intergroup relations (Bektas, 2003). Mosadeghard (2000) gave job satisfaction dimensions like nature of the job, management and supervision, task requirement, co-workers, job security, and recognition and promotion had more effect on employees organizational commitment in organizational set up.According to Oshagbemi (2003), job satisfaction is an important attribute which organizations desire of their employees. The job satisfaction by employees can contribute to the success of an organization because employees can give full commitment and motivation to perform their job.Pensions and profit-sharing plans are positively associated with job satisfaction (Bender and Heywood, 2006). According to Stephen (2005), one would be wrong to consider one single measure of job satisfaction and there may be n umber of reasons that need to be considered. He further found that actual work was the biggest satisfier and working conditions were the least satisfier job security was also big determinant of job satisfaction. (Penn et al., 1988) found that opportunity for original development is the biggest determinant to differentiate satisfied and non-satisfied employees. An employee will be satisfied if he has reached the ideals in his profession he will develop positive feelings towards his profession (Sirin, 2009).Absence of work life balance, lack advancement opportunities, work environment, lack of encouragement, and lack of recognition may lead to stress, which ultimately causes dissatisfaction, burnout and finally increased upset rate within organization (Ahmadi andAlireza, 2007). Job satisfaction is inversely related to burnout, intentions to leave the organization (Penn et al., 1988).According to OLeary, Wharton and Quinlan (2009), job satisfaction is also generally conceived as an a ttitudinal variable that reflects the degree to which people like their jobs, and positively related to employee health and performance.Toper (2008) stated that, If a person believes that the values are realized within the job, this person possesses a positive attitude towards the job and acquire job satisfaction. In the other words, employees will be motivates to perform their job with good attitudes, so that employees will be automatically satisfied with the job. Topper (2008) proposed that Maslows need theory has connection with job satisfaction. An employee will be satisfied with his/her job when he or she achieves the levels of needs, e.g. physiological, security, social, self-esteem and self-actualization.Mosadeghard (2008) gave job satisfaction dimensions like nature of the job, management and supervision, task requirement, co-workers, job security, and recognition and promotion as having more effect on employees organizational commitment in organizational set up. OLeary, Wha rthon and Quinlan (2008), job satisfaction is also generally conceived as an attitudinal variable that reflects the degree to which people like their jobs, and positively related to employee health and job performance.With referring to the concept of Herzbergs motivation theories and supported by other researchers, it shows that motivational factors (achievement, advancement, work itself, recognition and growth) are key foundation that influences and has significant impact on employees job satisfaction.Thus, it is proposed thatThere is a significant relationship between achievement and job satisfaction.There is a significant relationship between advancement and job satisfaction.There is a significant relationship between work itself and job satisfaction.There is a significant relationship between recognition and job satisfaction.There is a significant relationship between growth and job satisfaction.2.5 Research ModelThis study has integrated different views and thought from past re search to study the concept of motivation and factors affecting on employee job satisfaction.Thus, this study focuses on Herzbergs motivation theories. The motivational factors in this theory are achievement, advancement, work itself, recognition and growththat give an impact on employee job satisfaction.Based on that, the research model developed for this study can be seen in Figure 2.5.1.Figure 2.5.1 Research Model of the studyAchievementAdvancementJob SatisfactionWork ItselfRecognitionGrowthIndependent Variable Dependent Variable2.6 succinctThis chapter reviewed literatures on the independent variables of the present study, which are motivational factors (achievement, advancement, work itself, recognition and growth). Meanwhile, our dependent variable that is job satisfaction was discussed. Research methodology of the present study will be discussed in the following chapter.

The Role Of A Sheriffs Department Social Work Essay

The Role Of A Sheriffs De wearment Social Work EssayThe sheriff is an select county official therefore deputies and those who work for the surgical incision tend to hand over a closer relationship with the citizens in that particular city. According to LaFrance and Placide (2009), article on the distinguishable leadership styles of police and sheriff, most of the time, Sheriffs nurse risen through the ranks of the sheriffs office over time before running for election therefore they argon place-bound. Because they ar elected, they might feel a great deal of an obligation to remain at their posts even when there is an adversarial relationship with the county and its board.Rowan D. Williams states that Bad human communication leaves us less(prenominal) room to grow, well I grew from this internship with the sheriffs office. They were unbidden to let me witness and be a part of every c tot on the whole toldy that would non put my life in any danger. They answered all questions and allowed me to get in and experience the procedure of filling out paper work. The internship with the Cherokee County Sheriffs theatrical role was e trulything I expected an internship to be. I went into this internship with an open mind leaveing to learn and observe as much as possible, regardless of the warnings that it was more cows and horses then(prenominal) people. Expecting to do a variety of things which would non only bowl over me a paper to write hardly in give c be manner an idea of what I wanted to do with my illegal justice degree. All of my personal learning objectives were answered. If the individual(a) I was with at the time could non answer a question, then I was directed to the persons who could. Interning with the Cherokee County Sheriff Department was a very enlightening experience do me more awargon of what my lifes goals were and were not. I gained a deal of firsthand experience and was able to ne devilrk with a lot amazing individuals. From the observations I make bit interning with such informative individuals gave me new respect for the manner in which the legal process is reviewed.I started my internship as the ride on and the shift was 600am-600pm, except the deputies shift started at 545am. The overlap help the deputies who were about to punch out get off sooner. Roll call is held every morning. This is where the deputies receive any information from the night crew or any policies and procedures which changed while they were off. They inspect their weapons, cars, and any other device which may hinder them from doing their business enterprise. After the roll call, the supervisory program at each precinct briefed the deputies on what was going on within their zone and who I would be riding with. past the deputies would disperse and began zoning or patrolling.Stan CrowderThe Cherokee County Sheriffs Office runs their authorisation with high standards. Deputy Hackard describes the sheriffs surgical incision as a iming to be Triple Crown holder with its accreditations. The readying which every deputy participates in prep ars the deputy for his job and also their partners job. This agency goes beyond all requirements for accreditation. Cherokee County, which was the first agency in Georgia to have accreditation through The Commission on Accreditation for equity Enforcement Agencies (CALEA), is also sleep Officer Standards and readying ( local anestheticise) cognizant and Georgia certified. individually certification holds its own purpose within the agencys policy and procedures. The agency builds its policy and procedures around the standards and requirements of CALEA and POST. The agency has not yet received accreditation from Ameri mickle Correctional Association (ACA) however they have standards similar to those that be already required. This agency strives to maintain and go beyond all standards to set itself apart from the rest as it relates to its citizens. Constantly being in l earning helps the discussion section establish a mind, within the deputies, able to critically experiment postal services in contrasting scenarios. Wesley Phillips and Darrell Norman write in their article that by engaging in critical thinking, police enforcement sea captains should create multiple solutions to problems by unendingly questioning and challenging their strengths, and examining decision-making preferences and practices (2009). The training which is required by the agency also helps the deputies help each other in their job.Even though the agency is certified through other programs the two which really have a large impact on how the part will conduct business argon POST and CALEA. POST is an essential asset to the Cherokee Sheriffs office. It is a program which basically trains the plane section on gun usage and ethics that are mandatory and every agency in Georgia must(prenominal) be certified in. Even though CALEA is not mandatory, it does so much more for a n agency. According to the surgical incisions website having this form of accreditation strengthen an agencys accountability, some(prenominal) within the agency and within the confederation. However, with CALEA it is more of a standard and rules. This accreditation is not mandatory and more than a few agencies in Georgia do not have this accreditation within the department. there are two reasons why umpteen agencies do not have money or man power. Cherokees Sheriff Office possesses an highly hardworking and serious-minded group of individuals whose job is to be quite k forthwithledgeable about CALEA and assist in them maintaining their accreditation.Another difference between the major two accreditations, POST and CALEA, is the process. With CALEA the deputies sit in classes and learn. They become aware of the policies and procedures to handle opposite scenarios. They also learn different estimable choices to put on. Again CALEA is not mandatory but it does say a lot about a n agency. Cherokee was the first agency in the state of Georgia to be accredited through CALEA. The Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies set the procedures and standards on things such as how to hand cuff or searches and seizures an individual correctly to how to write out reports. POST is a different entity in itself. To maintain your certification through POST you must go through training once a social class, however Cherokee requires their deputies to go through training doubly a year. According to the sheriffs department website, they require each officeholder to secure 45 hours of P.O.S.T. approved training during the calendar year. anything the agency does to improve the department, exceeds the minimum. P.O.S.T. only requires 25 hours to retain.Every deputy in the state of Georgia must be POST certified to even carry a firearm. Peace Officer Standards and Training classes usually last about twelve to thirteen weeks. Officers who finish then become fully sworn officers after they complete. Deputies also receive ethical training here as well. They go through a variety of academies and courses. Cherokee County maintains their accreditation by doing the following The office coordinates scheduling of personnel attendance at state and local training facilities, provides in-service training and monitors number of hours personnel receive annually to assure minimum requirements of the P.O.S.T. Council and the Sheriffs Office are met. Being in police enforcement requires a lot of paper work, but the training the deputies receive prepare and train them in filling out all paper work.When it comes to maintaining their accreditation, Cherokee County Sheriffs department exceeds the requirements. The deputies must re-qualify with their firearms every year and the minimum s vegetable marrow is eighty percent. They must have forty hours of training which is more then what CALEA requires. The department also leaves the option to sign up for more cl ass if the deputies would like. The department goes beyond its requirements for the cling toion of the agency. If something was to happen on behalf of one their employees not following protocol then the agency would be able to put put through that they provided training to that individual to make the right choices. I feel that the training and certifications are used by the department to be able to distance itself from lawfulness suits and unnecessary court involvement.Cold showcases in the Cherokee County Sheriffs department are reviewed annually. Cold cases come about when there is not enough information to bring the case to a closing. These are offensive activitys or an accident that has not yet been solved fully and is not the subject of a recent criminal investigation. Only the serious crimes fall under cool cases if they are not solved. However some serious crimes have statues of limitations, such as rape. Rape is only a cold case for seven years. Homicide and murder do not have any statues of limitations they can be reopen at any time. However, if there is not a perpetrator then there is not case and no case means another cold case.The only way the case can be reopen is with new information or with new witness testimony. In order for the deputy to get a warrant they only need presumable cause however the district attorney needs beyond a reasonable doubt to win the case. So if the sheriff never gets the warrant because there is not enough evidence then the district attorney never gets the file and the case becomes cold. The investigators re-examined archives and retained material evidence, as well as gratifying activities of the suspect to reopen the case. Conduct of crime investigation and detection work has undergone significant and deep reform in recent year. In large part this is attributable to significant advances that have been made across the forensic sciences, especially in respect to the rapidly accelerating capacity to locate, collect , and analyze genetic materials this is why the sheriffs department is now able to reopen and solve more cases than in previous years (Innes and Clarke, 2009). In order to reopen a case there must be new information.Cherokee county has a variety of cultures with the county line. The deputies come in allude with language barriers and culture differences. You have the huge Hispanic comm unit of measurementy and then you have the white and black communities. The training which the deputies receive is more of an ethical training. Standards for ethical training are set by The Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies. Then the department adds onto the standards set by CALEA. They do not receive any training on how to speak to the Hispanic community, however there are Spanish speaking individuals who work for the department. The department also now makes sure that every shift has an individual who is fluent in Spanish working with them. Some of the deputies I spoke with ev en said that they experienced a culture shock. That they were not prepared for the culture and community they now had to provide service to. The department does not offer any form of skill training to prepare their deputies for the diversity within the county. Heather Wyatt-Nichol and George Franks (2009) put in their article that Many professionals and organizations in the law enforcement community hold that ethics training bridges the gap between written policies and actual behavior by introducing or reinforcing rules and expectations of behavior. Ethics instruction exposes officers to ethical dilemmas and scenarios through training prior to hitting the streets or moving up in rank. The ethical training is what keeps Cherokee County deputies grounded and professional. How the culture differences in the county also play a major role in the composition of the vainglorious detention center inmates as well.Jennifer McMahon-HowardThe swelled detention center system in Cherokee is ve ry small-scale compared to other adult detention center systems. With over 544 inmates, there are eight housing pods in the adult detention center and fourteen inmates on each floor. There are both females and males in the adult detention center. The gender composition of the adult detention center is about 86.21% male and 13.79% female. forbidden of the males percentage the racial compositions is 66.10% white, 19.19% black, 14.50% Hispanic, and 0.21% other. The female composition is racially divided with 81.33% being white, 16.00% black, 2.67% Hispanic, and 0.00% other. The racial composition of the adult detention center is a reflection of the county. In the 2009 Census, Cherokee County population was composed of 81.1% white, 6.2% black, 9.4% Hispanic, and 3.3% other. If majority of the county is of the white race than the majority of the composition of the adult detention center will be of the white race. With composition of the adult detention center being so drastic officers have to be fully aware of their environment.Victims in Cherokee County are treated like victims regardless if they are legal or illegal. The department offers different services with help line numbers to the victims of crimes. One of the services they provide to victims of family violence is The Cherokee Family Violence Center (CFVC). The information for their services comes on a small business card, which deputies are able to hand out if there is a victim. The business card list contact information as well information on how to handle a case of family violence. CFVC is an emergency shelter which provides a 24 hour crisis hotline. They also have other valuable services such as therapy for children and they even serve as a legal advocacy. CFVC has even taking their service to the next quantity by making their services available to Hispanics. Cherokee County also has a program where they keep the victim inform of the whereabouts of the offenders, The Cherokee County Victim-Witness As sistance Program.The program is called Victim Information presentation Everyday (VINE). These program uses computer technology and the telephone system to provide offender custody information 24 hours a day. The system provides the custody shape to the victim, including arrest, release, and transfer information. The victim is known only by a pin number. The deputies participate in different activities prepare them for these kind of events the deputies never know what they are about walk into when called out to domestic dispute. The training which the department provides to its deputies is very necessary it prepares them for different situations, including victims which may be undocumented or illegal. There is not a police written on how to handle a victim, so many of the deputies rely on their discretion, training, and ethical values. When dealing with any victim along with the policies set forth by the department, the training received plays a role as well. On the departments we bsite it states that CALEA Accreditation facilitates an agencys pursuit of professional excellence, so the deputies are perpetually presenting and representing the department in a manner which is very professional.Cherokee Sheriffs Department receives training in classes on ethics to get them prepared for the victims who may be here lawlessly or those of a different culture. In Kenneth Dowlera and Raymond Sparks (2008) article, on the relationship between law enforcement and victims, states that victims might have direct contact with police by insurance coverage their victimization, although some victims choose not to report the crime. Thus the attitudes of some crime victims toward police might be influenced by the quality of their contact with police. The way that deputies and the department present themselves to victims of crime must be professional. This is the only way to build a relationship with the undocumented victims or those of a different culture.One of the deputies e xpress that sometimes it is difficult to get across to a victim that you are there to help them because they are scared. He went on to say that in many Mexican areas the police are corrupt so there is not a victim-police relationship. Jennifer Chacn states that unauthorized peoples are more vulnerable to threats because they perpetrators know that efforts to look legal recourse can results in protracted immigration detention, criminal prosecution, and, of course removal., the deputies of Cherokee County believe that any person, regardless of their citizenship, is a victim if a crime has being committed against them, before they are an illegal. So they use their discretion and to maintain a healthy relationship with the victims of crimes.Ella BallardDiscretion is defined by Terenceas Daintith as a legally constituted power of decision. It is a staple element in both administrative and contractual arrangements, but whereas its judicial control provides the core of administrative law, it is hardly even acknowledged as an issue in the standard authorities on contract (2005). Discretion can be found in an officers decision to use a legal sanction. That is, an officer exercises discretion in whether to stop a occupation offender, to give a ticket, or to make an arrest. Some police officers operate in an environment where they are frequently alone in their contacts with citizens causing them to move expeditiously to diffuse situations. Each officer is different and may have pet peeves about certain violations whether in the community or while in confinement, community perceptions are important because the department wants the majority of the community to be supportive. However, officers that work more from emotions rather than factual representation tend to abuse the use of discretion. In communities where the officers knew the people in community the violations may be dealt with differently because they are familiar those individuals. The perception of the offense to the officer is what influences the treatment of the party involved. The use of discretion can be nearly related to how the officers worked with one another, being that they spend a significant amount of time on cases together causes them to seek peer advice.An officer influence on discretions can derive from many elements. When the nature of the crime has a child involve the deputy may tend to be more aggressive toward the so-called criminal, especially if they have a child of their own. Another major element is the department policy. If the department makes it a policy that everyone who is stopped in a traffic stop gets a ticket then that is what the officer must follow. In Cherokee County, the sheriff has made it where no one gets a ticket driving over 10 mile per hour. Scott Phillips (2008) makes a point in his article about the use of discretions when he states, Officers use discretion in traffic-stop decisions, but many state legislatures now require departments to gather traffic-stop data to study and potentially deter racial profile. Many agencies make it very difficult for deputies to use their own discretion, especially since profiling can become an issue.The organizational structure of the Cherokee County Sheriffs Office is decentralized. Before the decentralized structure the department was centralized. The structure of the agency is very important because it dictates who report to whom and it also determines the response time. In the decentralized structure everything goes through a chain of individual before it comes to the desk of Sheriff Garrison. The captain runs just the shift in the decentralized structure. This includes all precincts. Each shift has one captain, so it is more work for the captain in the decentralized structure. In the centralized structure the captain ran just the precinct. Every deputy in that precinct would report to that captain. With the centralized structure everyone was on one page and was able to know what was g oing on in the precinct at the generator of each shift because they were being ran by one person. With the decentralized structure each shift is ran differently and the adjustment from one shift to another is difficult.Each organizational structure works, however majority of the individual I spoke with thought that the centralized structure worked better for the agency. At the top of the organizational graph is Sheriff Garrison and at the bottom of the chart is the detention centers Chaplin. Before you get to the sheriff, there is Chief Vic West and the special operations unit. Beside the special operations units are also the individual over the accreditation and certification. Special operations, which is ran by police chief Satterfield, and Headquarters Operation, ran by sea captain Martin, works together and very closely with each other. underneath training and accreditation are adult detention center operations, uniform patrol operations, investigative operations, and emergen cy management.The agencys organizational structure has many departments to maintain. I was assigned to the training department, but I got to speed majority of my time with the patrol unit. From the patrol unit, I spent some time within the detention center and then the courts. The time spent in the detention center was the worse for me, however there I got to visit the other departments of the agency. Within the agency you have the S.W.A.T unit, V.I.P.E.R, CID, K-9, the GCIC, patrol, and intelligence information only to name a few. V.I.P.E.R, which is acronym for Violent Incident Pro-active Enforcement Response, targets high crime areas in Cherokee. They are in conjunction with SWAT, CMANS (narcotics unit), and the gang unit. Their main purpose is to cut off criminal activities and certain areas. They also assist other units in the agency. CID is the agency investigation division. They investigate all crimes after the report has being made by the deputies. S.W.A.T is the departmen ts most prestige unit. The unit trains on a daily bases and also participate in different mock rescue drills. The agencys website states that, all team members are required to pass a rigorous physical fitness test and demonstrate elevated shooting skills with a variety of specialized weapons. There are currently ten members, however there is only one lady apart S.W.A.T. Cherokee County Sheriffs Office has so many different units, but it training unit is what prepare the deputies for those situations where their life depend on it.Before the start of my internship with this agency, I spoke with a gentleman by the name of Captain Joe Satterfield. He explained to me all the interns duties and responsibilities and gave me the forms in which I needed to fill out. Captain Satterfield appeared to b very straight forward, and from the tone in his voice it appeared he really enjoyed what he does. I later learned that the emotions I experienced during my time with Captain Satterfield were fee lings I would feel with everyone in the department I came in contact with.Captain Satterfield began his locomote in law enforcement 19 years ago when he was the age of 22 years old. He chose this life story because he felt like it was an fire way of living and that seemed like something fun to do. Before he started his career he attended Abraham Baldwin College. There he received his associates degree in criminal justice and a technical degree in law enforcement. Once Captain Satterfield got a job with Cherokee he received a scholarship to notwithstanding his education. The scholarship came through the department from Reinhardt College. Satterfield received his bachelors degree in history and he also received magna cum laude. After graduating he enrolled into Columbus States graduate program, where he received his masters degree in public administration.Satterfield has had a great impact on the Cherokee Sheriffs Department. His career path started with him being in the adult de tention center for about a year, every deputy starts in the adult detention center. From the adult detention center he moved very quickly to the uniform patrol unit, where he stayed for about eight and half years. Mr. Satterfield was promoted to sergeant then to lieutenant with that division. He was then to the training division where he remained for eight years. Currently Captain Satterfield is the commander over all of the following units S.W.A.T., K-9, negotiation and biking. However, out all the position Satterfield has being over, he felt like training was the position which made the greatest impact to the department. He stated that the decision he made about training not only made an impact on the deputies but also the mannerism they would approach different situations. Training goes a long way especially when it is done the right way.Captain Satterfield is happy where within his career. He states that he would not change anything or do anything differently. He went on to expl ain the key to keeping family life adjourn from work life. Satterfield explained to always be focus on what you are doing and be able to commit to that situation. He explains that everyone will come to that point in their career where it is a challenge to maintain the family and work, but you must stay focused. The person has to approach the situation in the right manner. When you are talking to your child you are a parent you are not the drill instructor from training anymore. Satterfield does not have any plans on running for the Sheriff of Cherokee County. As I conversed with Captain Satterfield I acquired that he feels like he has a greater interest in law enforcement and being Sheriff will not give him that hands on experience he likes. During our conversation I asked him if he could briefly describe himself in five powerful speech in which he chose the following words leader, disciplinary, manager, professional, and inspirational.If I had to describe my internship to another student while trying to sell them the experience which I have had, I would begin with get plenty of rest. There is land and more land, with plenty of cows and farms. I would go on to explain that the individual are very in tune with their career and down to earth. The individual of Cherokee are kind and love talking. There are a few deputies who must break the ice with before you began to ask questions. I would then inform them of the many houses which they would see form the ride-along. Be prepare to eat too because the deputies love to eat. Ask plenty of questions as well. There is so much to be learned at this internship, but you have to ask first. The internship is very similar to a job with the sheriffs department. The internship starts in the am and ends in the pm. It is a 12 hour shift but if there is nothing really to do then you can always work on school work. An internship with a sheriffs department will allow you to experience everything within the county. The internship is not like one with the Drug Enforcement Agency or Marietta Police Department however, it is one that you will always remember.Interning with the Cherokee County Sheriffs Office was one of the greatest experiences of my life. The officers I worked with gave me the opportunity to participate in all of the excitement that the sheriffs office has to offer they were more than willing to teach, explain, and support me end-to-end the entirety of my internship. This experience has helped strengthened my career preparation for this field of work within law enforcement. Doing an internship really helps you gain a unique perspective into the mankind of law enforcement. I now look at some of the problems many young individual have with law enforcement and I am able to pronounce the problem to come to an answer.I have learned a lot of skills that will help me gain a career with a local law enforcement agency minor the physical agility test. Some of the skills that I have learned this year include the dispatch codes, filling out paper work, and different policies and procedures. Along with these skills I also was able to gain an appreciation for the work that the law enforcement does. I feel as though I have learned more about the criminal justice system and the way it functions. From interning the schedule which the deputies work, 12 hour shifts, I was able to see and sometimes feel the pedigree of the job. I also helped fill out citations and enter the report in on file. Everything must have a paper trail when it comes to law enforcement. If it is not written down then it does not exist.I notice from looking at how evidence is handled that, even though it is a lot of paperwork, the paper helps protect the deputy and the department. Every hand that touches the evidence must sign it, therefore to where the evidence has been and how it got there. I also learned valuable lessons just from talking to different people through this internship wisdom goes a long way. They held nothing back and I felt as though they were straight forward when answering any of my questions. Deputy McElroy gave me the chance to experience everything from riding with the officers to sitting with them in the court rooms. I now also have a better understanding of what the sheriff department means to a county and it citizens.While I have learned a lot in my four years of Criminal Justice classes between capital of Maine State and Kennesaw State, I do not believe anything can really compare to what I learned during my time as an intern with the sheriffs office. College course can provide us with the different facts and figures on the crime rate and the victimization rate. A teacher can give the class a hypothetical situation to be analyzed and create a solution. All of these different in class situations are usually observed and felt by others. To actually participate in these real life situations has a learning value above and beyond any typical classroom made of strictly c ourse work. I would strongly recommend the Cherokee County Sheriff Office internship to the next student. Participating in an internship gave me an idea of what to expect to a certain degree in the area of law enforcement, along with a vast number of general skills.I have gained an appreciation for the knowledge obtained through communication with the deputies. I was able to network and establish professional relationships, which will assist me in whichever path of law enforcement I choose to pursue. Ifeel privileged for being able to fulfill the opportunity I received to work with the men and women at the Cherokee County Sheriffs Office. My internship experiences have been worthwhile and very instrumental to my future plans as an individual in law enforcement. I will continuously build onto the amount of knowledge that I have obtained from this internship. The field of law enforcement can be difficult as one of the deputies stated, but I was afforded a good start with the Cherokee County Sheriffs Office.

William Kentridge Artist From South Africa Film Studies Essay

William Kentridge Artist From south Africa Film Studies EssayThe sixth film in serious Drawings foe Projections was the History of the briny Complaint which was make in 1996. This film was made before the True and Reconciliation Commission hearing began. The plot of History of the Main Complaint was about a businessman named Soho Eckstein who was a wealthy white man living in southwestward Africa. He was lying on the bed surrounding with doctors to discuss with his injures at hospital because he had a car accident. He was unspoilt an empty shell without his identity. William Kentridge was sending the encountering message of the struggles that people were facing with in South Africa in that period. It was transparent that all of the conflicts made people sufferings were taking away of their true identities.In this History of the Main Complaint film, William Kentridge drew some x-rays pictures with objects to illustrate Sohos physical injuries and emotion. The main(prenominal) po int of these x-rays explained explicitly that Sohos body and mind are oc instillying with these materials. These objects include manual typewriter, adding machine, telephone, ticker- tape machine for stock market information, seal press embossing, and a cup of coffee. The x-rays are showing purposefully every object in the central of picture and it represents respectively his whole career milestone in business to be a metaphorical key history event at his country. For example, there is an sr.- fashion electronic volt generator which symbolizes his struggles with other politicians during apartheid- era in South Africa and a bottle of shaky ink is representing how people view governments unstable system of policies in South Africa. Both of them are in control of the apartheid administration for around forty years.The film of Felix in Exile, which was the fifth film in the serious Drawings for Projection made in 1994, was focusing on the history of South Africa. The plot of the film was about an African American woman, Nandi, who was a land surveyor. She was a representation of the homeland. A man called Felix who was living in Paris in exile. The drawings in his room were being covered by the floods which were indirectly as memories. In this movie these devil characters were interacting with each other about changing the posture of South Africas society in long distance. Nandi changed Felix about the sense of self identies and through Nandis eyes show Felix was looking forward to his country and seeing a new, democratic revolution about South Africa.The film of Felix in Exile used the technique of photographing each drawing. This was a long process of re- draw the said(prenominal) drawing over and over again to draw, erase, smudge and redraw. The reason why he used this kind of technique was because it created sense of movements in the film just like telling a story through stop motions. It showed impressively the auditory modality of time and change, espe cially about history and fading memories.History of the Main Complaint and Felix in Exile were both animated films. Animated films were made by stop motions. William Kentridge used the technique of drawing a lot of prints and made them into a film in order to tell stories without any narration or oral communication however there were sounds and music to help the audience feel the emotion that William Kentridge was trying to express through his animated films. These two films were basically black and white stop motion drawings with some pop colors, much(prenominal) as red and good-for-naught. The stop motion was a very unique way to tell stories by using effectiveness of moving images. The red and blue colors used in the film had symbolic meanings, too. Blue was associated with peace, waiting, hope, and sorrowfulness. In History of the Main Complaint, a pail with blue water was placed in a corner close to Sohos bed in the hospital. Here, blue water symbolized redemption and hope. I t had never been touched or removed from the room, and had waited quietly for the awakening of Soho. In Felix in Exile, red color was used extensively in Nandis depictions of landscape. The places where the corpses lay, as well as their wounds, were marked clearly in red. Red symbolizes blood, wounds, and death. For example, when Nandi was shot deal on the ground, the blue water flowing down from the faucet turned red. It was a declaration of Nandis death. The dark red blood flowing out from the old wounds of the unknown corpse was a silent narrative of South Africas violent history.Analyze the ways in which Kentridges use of themes and formal techniques complement and or conflict with each other.Kentridge examines the people who live, records evidences that happened, and his personal life in Johannesburg-the city where he was born, lives and works. The animated films of Felix in Exile and History of the Main Complaint are two films about the darkness of South Africa. Through the u se of visual symbols and metaphors, he intends to present complicated human situations. On the one hand, he purposely leads the sweetheart to analyze symbols and metaphors in his films to provoke their emotions. He used the technique of photographs taken after each erasure and redrawing process to impress viewers and truly denotative his feeling towards the country history at that time. These films are not only pieces of artwork, but also are addressing the struggles that people befool experiences in South Africa.Ultimately, the reviewers have found the objective position that the Kentridge has taken and the hidden meaning in his works. His animated films are now some significant artworks that highly influence the unexampled art industry.

Why I Hate The Mall Essay -- essays research papers

Why I Hate the Mall     I hate shop snappers. No, you dont understand. I really hate shoppingmalls. I think sitting at the Food Court near the Burger King for one hour hasserved single to heighten my displeasure with these gaudy monstrosities. The onlyreason Im here is because nothing else in the town of Poughkeepsie, NY. frontmsto catch my interest long enough for me to take notice.     I got here noon-ish I think. I had to take a taxi since none of my non-pedestrian friends were willing to roll out of bed to give me a ride. "Youreargus-eyed me up why? The Mall? You insane?" *click*. If there is anything inPoughkeepsie worse than the mall, it would be Poughkeepsie taxi cabs. I neverunderstood why it is that individually and every one of them have air freshners whichare so putrid smelling, they make one long for the odor of a New York Citycabbies " natural cologne". After enduring ten minutes of the cabbies "lemmetell y a whats wrong with this country", I finally get to my destination.     As soon as I got there, I began to think about how sad it is that themall has very much become a part of American life. The Chinese have their rice,we have our malls. Does anyone else see a problem with having over one-thousandof these gaudy monstrosities across the country? Despite the fact that the eraof eighties-decadence has passed, the malls keep coming, and they keep gettingbigger. Its bid something out of an Ed Wood flick.     I remember reading an article about how bad its gotten. The largestmall in America has 425 retail shops, 4.2 million square feet of space, over 13thousand free parking spaces, 44 escalators, and cost $625 million dollars tobuild. Oh, did I mention that there is a full blown amusement park in the centerof it all. Its just sick. When I was in Freeport, I remember hearing a radioshow which was running a contest. The prize? A turn on to the l argest mall inAmerica Pretty soon, youll have family vacations to the mall. I can see it now.A room at the Hilton (which will be inside the mall of course). Dad goesHermans. Mom goes to Ann Taylor. The pincers romp at the amusement park. A pieceout of Norman Rockwells Americana.     When I went inside, I became dizzy at the sight ... ... anything. It seemslike such a tease. The kid is going to want to buy something, whether its a newSega game or a Matchbox car. Eventually, the woman relents and buys the soughtafter item. For the moment, the kid is satiated.     Three boys, no more than fifteen years of age, walk into the food court.Their pants are sagging, caps turned backwards. They approach the counter at theBurger King and think over what theyre having. While ordering, they find time tohit on the cashier. Shes older, and most likely out of their league, but thatdoesnt deter their efforts. She gives them an annoyed smile and requests thec ash. They oblige and impel in a last ditch effort to woo her. She smilespolitely. The boys walk away, joshing each other about their valiant attempts.     As they walk away, Ive feel as though Ive absorbed enough culture forone afternoon. I feel relieved to be able to go home. Once back on the safer confine of Vassar campus, I breathe a sigh of relief. Its premature though,because deep down I know. Somehow, some way, no matter how much I dont want to,Ill pluck up at the Poughkeepsie Galleria soon enough.